Lima
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History:

In Lima are to be found the remains of the first Andean inhabitant: hunters and harpoon fishermen, about 1,000 years ago. These remains were found in Chivateros, near the Chillón river, and in various places such as Ancón and Lurín. After a long time they incorporated nets, hooks, farming, ceramics and weaving. The inhabitants of the coast lived in the lomas and the valleys forming temples and dwelling complexes that give origin to immense ceremonial centers such as the Huacoy on the Chillón river; Garagay and La Florida on the Rímac river, Manchay on the Lurín river; and Chancay, Supe and many other valleys to the north and south. There are finely ornamented temples with figures modeled in clay. Then the Lima culture took shape, specially developed on the center Valleys from Chancay down to Lurín, with painted adobe buildings. The best known are the Márquez on the Chillón and Cerro Trinidad on the Chancay; later became more important those of Maranga and Juliana on the Rímac, and that of Pachacamac in Lurín.

In this time the Wari conquest took place, thus giving rise to Wari style ceramics, together with a local style known as Nievería. The population grew and the culture changed. With the decline of Wari, whose most important center was Cajamarquilla, were born new local cultures, being the best known that of Chancay. There developed immense urban centers and a notable textile production as well as mass-produced ceramics. At this stage arose the Incas arrived, in the XV century, occupying important sites such as the Pachacámac Sanctuary.

Lima was founded on January 18, 1535 by the conquerer Francisco Pizarro. Before becoming the capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru, it was a first class religious place of worship. During the colonial period, Lima reached its greatest splendor in the XVII century in which progress, the construction of great houses and palaces went together with the luxury and prosperity of the nobility made Lima the richest among all colonies.

During the Independence period, Lima gave to Nation a great number of illustrious patriots that shed their blood and gave their talent for the freedom. Among these were Don Pablo de Olavide, José Baquíjano y Carrillo, José Olaya and José Bernardo Alcedo, author of the National Anthem.