Pasco
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Geography:

Its territory located on the limit with Lima is rough, because it corresponds to the eastern side of the Western Cordillera. To the western side, in the Andean sector occupied by punas or high plateaus, it becomes less rough. The Near-Jungle area is very abrupt with deep narow valleys confined by high-sloped hills. The High Jungle with its wide valleys is confined by hills of varied altitude and incline.

There is a transition sector between the High Jungle and the Low Jungle with an irregular relief because of the "half-orange" shaped hills, separated one from the others by ravines that remain dry or carry little water in winter and flood during the rainy summer season. On the banks of the rivers of the High Jungle and the Low Jungle there are stepped terraces where people have built homes and towns and are engaged in agriculture and cattle raising.

In Pasco there is a morphological formation called the "Nudo de Pasco", which is a center of separation of waters whose watersheds give raise to Huallaga, Mantaro and Pachitea rivers. Rivers crossing the department belong to the Amazon hydrographic system, the Marañón and Ucayali basins. The most important is the Huallaga river that sheds its waters into the Marañón river after going through the Huánuco, San Martín and Loreto departments.

The city of Cerro de Pasco, the department's capital, is located on the Bombón Plateau. This is a large plateau slightly waved that extents over into the Junín department.